职称英语考试中，阅读理解能把握得怎么样，直接决定能不能及格。它是整个考试备考过程中最重要的一个环节。 以下是yjbys网小编整理的关于职称英语历年真题《卫生B》阅读理解精选，供大家备考。
What Is a Dream?
For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others,however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions. Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.
The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The Interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expressions of a person's wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life. The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jtmg, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.
Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
Dornhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.
He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.
Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.
36. According to Sigmund Freud, dreams __________.
A. have no special meanings
B. reflect people's wishes
C. have nothing to do with real life
D. contain messages from God
37. In Carl Jung's opinion, who is most likely to be a hero in his dream?
A. A man who falls down from a tree.
B. A man who has too high an opinion of himself.
C. A man who thinks too little about himself.
D. A man who is successful in real life.
38. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful.
B. Dreams can predict the future.
C. Dreams didn't help one to understand oneself.
D. In the past, people didn't believe that dreams involved emotions.
39. The word "gender" in Paragraph 7 is closet in meaning to __________.
A. age
B. emotion
C. sex
D. reality
40. We can infer from Domhoff's study that __________.
A. children dream as much as adults
B. men often dream fighting
C. women have the same dreams as men
D. you should panic when you dream something bad
答案与解析
36.B。细节题。题干：在弗洛伊德看来，梦 __________。由第三段第二句“…Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person’s wishes.”可知，弗洛伊德认为，梦是一个人愿望的表达，故选B(反映了人们的愿望)。
37.C。细节题。题干：在荣格的观点里，谁最可能在梦里成为英雄?由第四段最后一句“…people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little ofthemselves.”可知，Carl Jung认为，如果梦中自己成了英雄，应该想想平时太看低自己了。故本题正确答案为C(妄自菲薄的人)。
38.A。细节题。题干：下列哪一个是正确的?由第一段第二、三句“Some psychologists
say…has no special rs，however,think that dreams are an important part of our lives.”可知，并不是所有人都觉得梦是有意义的.，故选A(不是所有人都同意梦是有意义的)。
39.c。词汇题。题干：第7段中的“gender”与 __________意思最相近。第七段第一句提到“他已经发现了梦与gender的联系”，紧接着后一句提到，他的研究显示，男性和女性的梦境常常是不同的，然后举出例子进行了说明。由此可知，gender指的是“性别”，故正确答案为C(性，性别)。
40.B。推理题。题干：从Domhoff的研究中可推理得知 __________。由第六段第二句可知，A项错误;由最后一段倒数第三句可知，D项错误。由第七段第三、四句“…the people in men’s dreams are often other men，and the dream often involve is not true of women’s dreams.”可知，在男性梦境中出现的通常是其他男性，而且常与打斗有关，而女性的梦境则不是这样，所以B项正确(男性经常梦到打斗)。